Steps for mechanical processing of parts

Steps for mechanical processing of parts
In a mechanical factory, to manufacture a mechanical product (details, structural assemblies, equipment…) requires going through a complex production process. The preforms (casting, forging, stamping…) after manufacturing the workpiece are put into the mechanical workshop for processing on machine tools (turning, milling, planing, drilling, reaming, tooth cutting, grinding…), cold processing and correcting, heat treatment… to create finished product details with the required shape, size, and quality.

The process to turn raw materials and semi-finished products into the required product is known as pre-processing steps . The manufacturing process can be divided into many different processes such as: blanking, cutting, heat processing, chemistry, assembly, repair, tooling and recovery, transportation, etc.

9 steps for mechanical processing
Design drawings
– The first thing to create perfect machine parts, we need to study detailed drawings, learn the function of each part and classify them.

Especially, when designing drawings, it is necessary to meet the necessary technical requirements of the product as well as meet modern technologies at each time.
Determine the types of production
– Production form is a characteristic concept that gives information about the object of production (output, stable properties …). Based on the type of production to determine the ways, technological measures and production organization to manufacture products with the highest quality and economic efficiency.

– Production form is divided into single production form, mass production form, mass production form.

Single production: is a production with very little annual output (usually from one to several dozen units), unstable products, no re-production cycle.
Mass production: is production with a relatively large annual output, products are manufactured in batches, have a definite cycle, and products are stable.
The form of mass production: is the production of large volumes, the product is very stable, the product is manufactured continuously and for a long time.
Selection of embryos and methods of making embryos
– Select the workpiece in accordance with the requirements of the product.

– The size of the workpiece is determined by the amount of residual machining in the technological process.

– Choosing the right workpiece not only ensures the mechanical properties of the workpiece, but also reduces the cost of materials and processing costs, improves productivity and lowers product costs.

– Methods in making embryos:

Casting: casting in sand mold, casting in metal mold, pressure casting, centrifugal casting….
Pressure processing: steel rolling, free forging, volume stamping, …
Workpiece from welding….
– Common materials for making ingots: Steel, cast iron, plastic, copper, aluminum….

Determine the order of operations, steps
– When designing the technological process for processing machine parts, it is necessary to determine the reasonable order of operations and steps so that the complete machining cycle of a part is the shortest, ensuring processing quality at low cost. the shortest.

– The order of machining the surfaces of the machine part depends on the logic of the state change process, the properties of the machine part, the theory of technological standards and specific production conditions.

Select equipment for operations.
– Reasonable selection of equipment, tools, and fixtures has a great influence on the quality, productivity and cost of detailed processing. Therefore, when designing a detailed processing technology process, it is necessary to analyze and consider carefully when determining and selecting equipment, tools, and fixtures…

Determining the machining allowance for operations, steps
– After offering technological options for processing details, people usually compare the options to choose the most effective and reasonable one in the given production conditions. From the selected technological process plan, documents and technology sheets will be developed to guide production and serve the management, monitoring, calculation…

Define cutting mode in operations, steps
– Calculation and selection of cutting mode (s, v, t…) suitable for each operation to ensure that the product can be processed with optimal accuracy.

Select jigs for each operation and steps.
– Choose suitable jigs to ensure tight clamping when machining parts.

Processing products on machines
– Perform product processing on machines: milling, turning, drilling, boring, boring, grinding….

Check products after processing
Using measuring tools such as: Micrometer, caliper, 2D, 3D measuring machine…

– Check the accuracy, surface gloss of the product according to the technical requirements.